Forging machine



w. H. WINEMAN v FORGING MACHINE Original Filed Jan. 15 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet l I I 1,638,225 '9 w. H. wmE'M'AN 7 FORGING mkcnnm Original Filed m. 15, .1331 -2 sheets-85 a:

Patented Aug. 9, 1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WADE H. W INEMAN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR' TO SULLIVAN MACHINER COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS. 1 I

FORGING MACHINE.

Application filed January 15, 1921, Serial further object of my invention is to provide improved clamping mechanism wherein the clamping mechanism may be powerful in operation and yet not require'excessive force to be exerted for its release. A morespecific object of my invention is to provide improved automatically lubricated and cleaned clamp actuating and releasing mechanism of the wedge type whereby the die blocks are clamped in the desired position and whereby sticking of the same in clamped position is effectually prevented. These and other objects of my improvement will, however, hereinafter more fully appear.

In the accompanying drawings, I have shown, for purposes of illustration, one embodiment which my invention'may assume in practice.

In these drawings,

Fig. l is a side elevation, partially in section, of a drill sharpener equipped with my improvement.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view showing the clamping mechanism in plan, a portion of the frame being broken away to show the pressure fluid and lubricant supply thereto and to show the tops of the clamping dies.

Fig. 4 is a. central section of a modified form of clamp operating mechanism.

In this illustrative construction, I have shown my invention as applled to a sharpener of standard construction, such as that described in my co-pending. application Serial No. 8%,960, filed Mar. 17, 1916, and including a base 1 carrying an upsetting pressure fluid motor 2 adapted to operate an upset-ting dolly 3, a clamp operating pressure fluid motor 4 adaptedto reciprocate vertical clampingstandards 5 and 6 through toggle mechanism including the sliding block 7, the toggle link 8, and the crosshead 9 connected to the lower end of the standards 5 and 6. As in the above mentioned construction, I have also shown an oilcup. 10' disposed in the air supply for the motors 2 and 4, and have provided means whereby the lubricant laden exhaust from these motors may be utilized to lubricatethe clamping mechanism, passages 11 connected 110,437,544. Renewed February 20, 1924.

to the exhaust from the motor 2 opening into a lower longitudinally disposed chamber 12,; while the exhaust from the motort is supplied to this chamber'through a passage 13. 'As in the above mentioned construction, I have also provided suitable passages 14 and 15 inthe bottom of the chamber 12 on opposite sides of a projection or dam 16 so that the lubricant maypass down to the block of the toggle mechanism, suitable passages 17 also being provided in the latter so that lubricant may pass to the pivot of the link 8. It will be noted that I have also herein provided upper and lower swaging dies 19 and 18 at a point at the front of the machine, of which the upper die '19 is suitably reciprocated by apressure fluid motor 20, which is in turn controlled by a suitable valve operating mechanism 21 controlled by a foot lever 22 and 23 for the upsetting and clamping mechanisms through a link 24; in a well known manner.

In my improved construct-ion, however, the swaging mechanism comprising the dies 18 and 19, is preferably, though not necessarily, disposed at one side of the axial line of the dolly 3, as shown, so as to permit an operator at the front of the machine to have a-free view of the improved clamping mechanism. This mechanism, it will be noted, herein includes oppositely disposed wedges having inclined surfaces 25 formed on the upper ends of the reciprocable standards 5 and 6, andcooperating wedge mem bers 26 having cooperating inclined surfaces engaging the surfaces 25 and, on their opposite faces, inclined surfaces 27 making a greater angle with the vertical and engageable with correspondingly shaped surfaces formed on the sides of the clamping dies 28, the latter being located between the members and also being laterally movable to and from their abutting or steel clamping position. As shown, these members 26 are also herein each provided at its upper end with a lateral extension 29 extending over the top of the adjacent standards and suitaably resiliently attached thereto, as by means of a Vertically disposed adjustable bolt and nut connection 30, a spring 31'being interposed between the nut and the portion 29 and placed under compression thereby.

These members 26 are, as illustrated, also preferably provided with suitable substantially T-shaped splines 32 projecting from their surfaces 27 and adapted to move in corresponding ways formed in the cooperating inclined surfaces of the dies 28;

In order that the various surfaces of the dies and standards may be kept clean from scale, or lubricated, or both, it will also be noted thatl have provided in the frame a duct 83 communicating with the passage 13 and with one of two annular preferably upwardly elongated chambers 34 disposed aroundthe standards 5 and 6 at a point adjacent the bottom of the wedge surfaces 25 formed thereon, and that I have connected the chambers through ducts 35 and 36 with the chamber 12 and provided cooperating upwardly disposed substantially L-shaped ducts 37 and 38 in the standards 5 and 6 leading from the chambers 34, 3 to cross ducts 39 and 40 leading to-the surfaces 25 of the wedge portions on the upper ends of the standards and to the opposite sides of the latter so that the lubricant laden eXhaust from the motors 2 and i is delivered to the working surfaces of the reciprocating standards. Attention is also directed to the fact that by providing a plurality of up wardly cisposed passages .41 communicating with the chamber 12 and leading through to the surface of the frame 1 on which rest the die blocks 28, I have provided means whereby any scale dropped off within the dies or falling between the same when the same areseparated is effectually removed, it being obvious that the air will force its way between the surfaces of the blocks 28 and the frame, this being facilitated by the fact that the dies when open approach with their front or adjacent edges the passages 41 and so reduce the distance which the air must travel in order to escape.

In the operation of my improved mechanism, it will be evident that the clamping,

- upsetting, and swaging mechanisms may be operated in the same sequence and controlled in the same manner as in my co-pending application mentioned above. Here, however, this sequence of operation forms no part of the present invention and I shall accordingly confine my description of the operation to theclamping mechanism. This mechanism, it will be noted, is operated by the piston l through the toggle mechanism 7, 8, 9, the standards 5 and 6 being moved in an upward direction as the block 7 is moved rearward from the position shown in Fig. 2, and downward as the block 7 moves forward toward the position shown in Fig. 2. As suming that the standards 5 and 6 are in their upper positions, it will be evident that the blocks 28 will be separated and ina position for the insertion of a steel, that the members 26 will occupy a-relatively higher position than that shown in 4, and thatthe arms 29 will be in contact-with the upper ends of the standards 5 and 6 ,due to the action of the springs 31, Assuming now that a' steel has been introduced in proper position between the jaws 28, the control mechanism will be operated to cause movement of the piston i and block 7 to the right (Fig. with resultant downward motion of the standards '5, 6. As the standards move downward theywill carry with. them, under the pressure of the springs 31, the members 26,. and the latter will move the blocks or jaws 28 together into contact with the steel. Further movement of the stand-' ards will result in compression of the springs 31 and when the members 26 have reached their lowest possible positions, the surfaces 25, which make but a relatively small angle with the members 26, will wedge the blocks 7 28 very powerfully towards each other and so clamp the steel very rigidly, It will be evident that the surfaces 25 will tend tobind by reason oftheir wedging action and that considerable force would be requisite torelease the wedges formed at the upper end of the standards 5 and 6. However, by reason of my improved construction vI am enabled to avoid the necessity for a very large releasing force by reason of the fact that the angle to the vertical made by the'surfaces 27 is much greater than that made by the surfaces 25, and accordingly, as Iinitially release. a wedge of a considerably greater angle, the force requisiteto release the wedge is much less. From this it will be understood that when I start to release the steel, the standards 5 and 6 and the members 26 initially move as one, and initial release 00-. curs at the surfaces 27 instead of at" the surfaces25. As soon as the movement between the members 26 and blocks 28 has begun, the lateral clearance provided. will permit freeing of the surfaces 25, and the standards 5 and 6 will then move, upward until their tops contact with the lower sides. of the arms 29 and thereafter raise the members i 26, thereby separating the jaws 28 due to the action of the splines 32. As the sticking between the surfaces 27 and the clamping blocks 28 may with wedges of certain angles tend to cause the blocks to lift upwardly in stead of releasing at the surfaces 27, I may provide an upper stop anc guide member 44 secured to the support for the 'swaging mechanism with which the upper sides of the blocks 28 contact. Obviously. the member 4 f need not be of the particular form shown, and plays no function in the clamping operation proper.

From the foregoing description, it will be noted that the members 26 act both as wedgQ' and as mere force transmitting members during the clamping operation, and act on release of the wedges as means for reducing the force necessary, and that the same also act to move the die blocks automatically to and from their clamping position. So far as concerns the supply of lubricant to the parts, it will be noted that, as brought out above, the passages 39 and 40 supply lubricant to the wedge surface 25, while the chambers 34, 34 act to supply the lubricant laden exhaust to the moving surfaces of the standards 5 and 6 adjacent the dies, and that the passages 41 also supply the exhaust to the under side of the dies in such manner as to blow out scale passing between the same, the several joints permitting the escape of the exhaust fluid after it has performed its function. Obviously, through the provision of the lubricating means, scale is also prevented from finding its way between the working surfaces. Y

In the use of my improvement, it will be obvious that my improved clamping m-echanism may be used with a sharpener of standard construction wherein the swaging mechanism is disposed in axial alinement with the clamping mechanism or off-set therefrom, as desired, or with a sharpener equipped only to clamp and upset steels and adapted to use with a separateswaging unit. It will also be evident that while I have, for purposes of convenience of illustration, shown my improved clamping mechanism used with a horizontal clamp operating motor and a toggle mechanism, it is possible as aresult of my improvement to eliminate these elements entirely when desired and utilize any other form or arrangement of such a mechanism to impart the reciprocating movement to the standards, such for example as the vertically operating motor 42 connected to the crosshead '43 and shown in Fig. 4. These and other advantages of my improved construction will however, be clearly apparent to.

those skilled in the art.

This application is a continuation-in part of my co-pending application, Serial No. 180,507, filed July 14, 1917.

lVhile I have in this application specifically described one embodiment which my inven-' tion may assume in practice, it is to be understood that the same is shown herein for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in various other forms without departing from its spirit, it being my intention to include all such modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a clamping mechanism, a movable clamping member, and wedge mechanism for forcing said'member into'olamping position comprising an abutment member and a plurality of wedges respectively engaging said abutment member and said clamping mem-' her and engaging with each other, the surface of engagement between the wedge members making a less angle with the surface of engagement between one of said wedge members and said abutment member than that between the last mentioned surface of engagement and the'surface of engagement between the other of said wedge members and SiLlCl clamping member.

2. In a clamping mechanism, a movable initial movement of said clamping member is effected by wedge means whose angle is equal to the greater of said angles, and that final movement is effected by wedge means whose angle is less than the greater of said angles.

3. In a clamping mechanism, a movable clamping member, and wedge mechanism for forcingsaid member into clamping position comprising an abutment surface and a plurality of wedge members movable relative to said surface and having their respective surfaces remote from said abutment surface making different angles therewith, and means to cause said wedges to so cooperate with each other and with said surface that the initial movement of saidclamping member is effected by wedge means whose angle is equal to the greaterof said angles, and that final movement is effected by wedge means whose angle is equal to the lesser of said angles 4. In a clamping mechanism, a movable clamping member, and wedge mechanism for forcing said member into clamping position comprising an abutment surface and a plurality of wedge members movable relative to said surface and having their respective surfaces remote from said abutment surfaces making different angles therewith, and means to cause said wedges to so cooperate with each other and with said surface that the initial movement of said clamping member is effected by wedge means whose angle is equal to the greater of said angles, and that final movement is effected by wedge means whose angle is equal to the lesser of said angles, while reverse movement of said clamping member is initiated bv release of wedge means of said greater angle.

'5. In a clamping mechanism, a movable clamping member and wedge mechanism operating said member comprising an abutment surface and a plurality of wedges, and means for causing said wedges to move simultaneously during a portion of the movement of said clamping member'and thereafter causing one of said wedges to'move Zoo relative to the other during the final application of. force to said movable clamping member.

6. In clamping mechanism, a movable clamping member and wedge mechanism for operating said clamping member comprising an abutment surface and a plurality of cooperating wedges which when moving together form a composite wedge of blunter shape than either of said separate Wedges, and means for moving said wedges simulta neously to release said clamping member after the same has been moved to clamping poistion and for thereafter moving said wedges separately. I

7. In a clamping mechanism, means for holding a work piece during work thereon including a movable clamping member and Wedge mechanism for moving said member into clamping position comprising a plurality of wedgesacting in predetermined sequence and each acting to move said movable clamping member bodily during its periodof action.

8. In a clamping mechanism, means for holding a work piece during work thereon including a movable clamping member and wedge mechanism for moving said member into clamping position comprising a plurali-' ty of relatively movable wedges acting in predetermined sequence and each acting to move said movable clamping member bodily during its period of action,

9. In a clamping mechanism, a movable clamping member, and wedge mechanism for moving said member into clamping posit-ion comprising an abutment surface and a plurality of cooperating wedges, the surfaces of said wedges which are remote from said abutment surface being successively operable in effecting a wedge action to move said movable clamping member into clamping position, and in releasing said clamp the wedge surface which first operated during clamping being the first to release.

10. In a clamping mechanism, a movable clamping member. and Wedge mechanism for moving said member into clamping position comprising an abutment surface and a plurality of cooperating wedges, the surfaces of said wedges which are remote from said abutment surface being successively operable in effecting a wedge action to move said movable clamping member into clamping position, and in releasing said clamp the wedge surface which first operated during clamping being the first to release, one of said wedges being also provided with means for moving said clamping member in the opposite direction.

11. In a clamping mechanism, a movable clamping member, and wedge mechanism for moving said member into clamping position comprising an abutment surface and a plurality of cooperating wedges, the surfaces of said Wedges which are remote from said' abutment surface being successively operable in effecting a wedge action to move said movable clamping member into clamping position, and in releasing said clamp. the Wedge surface which first operated during clamps ing being the first to release, one of said wedges being also provided with means for moving said clamping member in theoppo site direction and said lastmentioned wedge having a portion engageable by the other wedge to move it during retracting movement.

12. The combination with a work clamping member, of a wedge engaging said member whereby movement of said wedge-Will actuate said member, a reciprocating operating device for said wedge, and yielding means interposed between said device and said wedge, said means being arranged to yield after engagement of said clamping member with the work.

3. The combination with a-work clamping member, of a wedge engaging said member whereby movement of said wedge will ctuate said member,a reciprocating operat ing device for said wedge, and yielding.

means interposed between said device and said wedge and operative to transmit force to the wedge upon movement of said device in a direction to effect clamping movement of the wedge. V r v q 14. The combination with a work clamping member, of a wedge engaging said 111%; ber wherebymovement of said vwedge will actuate said member, a reciprocating operat ing device for said wedge, and yielding means interposed between said device and said wedge, said means being arranged to yield after engagement of said clamping member with the work, and said wedge member and said operating device having surfaces adapted to cooperate with a wedging action upon relative movement of the reciprocating device and the wedge member following the yielding of said yielding means. 15. The combination with a clampingmember and a wedge for operating said member and a reciprocatory operating device for said wedge, of means whereby the reciprocatory device by its initial movement will move said wedge to operate said clamping member to yieldingly engage an object and by a subsequent movement will move said wedge to operate said member to unyieldingly engage said object.

16. The combination with a clamping member and a wedge for operating said member and a reciprocatory operating device for said wedge, of means whereby the reciprocatory device by its initial movementwill move said wedge to operate said clamping member to yieldingly engage an object andsby a subsequent movement willmOve said wedge to operate said member to Yunyieldingly engage said object,- the first mentioned movement of said wedge being par allel to the, movement of the reciprocating catory device by its initial .movement will" move said wedge to operate said Clamping member to yieldingly engage an object, and by a subsequent movement will move said wedge to operate said member to unyielding: ly engage movement of the wedge being at right angles to its second mentioned movement.

18. In a, vise mechanism, the combination with a clamping member, a wedge for operating said member and an operatingdevice for-said wedge having power operating means, of means whereby said operating device will impart to said wedge movement in a. plurality of directions during clamping operation of said clamping member. 7

19. In a vise mechanism, the combina tion with a clamping member, a wedge for operating said member, and a reciprocatory operating device for said wedge provided with power reciprocating means, of means whereby movement of said reciprocatory op erating device may impart bodily movement to said wedge in two directions at right angles to each other in operating said clamping member.

20. In a vise mechanism, the combination with a clamping member, a wedge for operating said member and a reciprocatory operating device for said wedge providedwith motor means for causing reciprocation thereof, of means whereby movement of said reciprocatory operating device may impart bodily movement to said wedge in two directions at right angles to each other in operating said clamping member, one" of said directions being the same as the direction of movement of the clamping member.

21. In a vise mechanism, the combination with a clamping member, a wedge for opcrating said member, and a reciprocatory operating device for said wedge provided with motor operated reciprocating means,

' of means whereby movement of said reciprocatory operating device may impart bodilymovement to said wedge in two directions at right angles to each other in operating said clamping member, one of said move ments being yieldingly imparted and the other positively.

22. In a forging machine, clamping mechanism including a plurality of relatively movable clamping dies, wedge mechanism associated therewith to operate said dies, a pneumatic motor operativcly connected to said. object, said first mentioned said wedge mechanism, and means including passages in said wedge mechanism for supplying exhaust from said motor to certain of the working surfaces of said wedge mechanism. I

anism including a plurality of movable die blocks, reciprocating standards,wedge members carried on said standards, cooperating wedge members engageable therewith and with said die blocks, and resilient conneo tions between said standards and said cooperating wedge, members. n

24. In a forging machine,clamping mechanism including aplurality of movableclamping dies, wedge mechanism engageable therewith to operate the same, a pneumatic motor operatively connected to said wedge mechanism, and means including passages in said wedge mechanism for supplying exhaust from said motor to certain of the working surfaces of said wedge mechanism. I

25. In a forging machine, a clamping mechanism including a plurality of movi 23. In a forging machine, clamping mechable clamping dies, wedge mechanism engageable therewith to operate the same, a pneumatic motoroperatively connected to said wedge mechanism, a pneumatic motor for upsetting work clamped between said dies, and means including passages in said wedge mechanism for supplying the exhaust from said'motors to certain of the working surfaces of said wedge mechanism.

clamping mechanism for a drill forming mechanism comprising opposed clamping jaws relatively movable in a horizontal plane, and vertically movable. actuating means therefor operative to move each jaw towards the other.

27. A clamping mechanism for a drill forming mechanism comprising opposed clamping jaws, and means for effecting relative movement therebetween including actuating means movable in a direction angularly disposed to the direction of relative movement between said jaws, and means for connecting a. jaw and said actuating means directly engagingeach of the same and movable translatorily relative to each.

28. A clamping mechanism for a drill forming mechanism comprising opposed clamping jaws, and means for effecting rel ative movement therebetween including actuating means movable in a direction angularly disposed to the direction of relative movement between said jaws, means for connecting a jaw. and said actuating means directly engaging and movable relative to 'use in connection with drill formingmechanism comprising relatively movable jaws,

and actuating means for said jaws directly connected thereto having a component of rectilinear movement generally in a plane angularly disposed to the plane in which said jaws move.

V 30. Clamping mechanism adapted for use in connection with drill forming mechanism comprising clampingjaws relatively movable in one direction, actuating means for said jaws including a member directly connected thereto movable in a direction angularly disposed to said other direction, and power means for causing movement thereof.

31. A clamping mechanism adapted for use in connection with drill forming mechanism comprising jaws relatively movable in one direction, actuating means for said jaws including a plurality of elements directly connected thereto movable in a direction angularly disposed to the other direction, and actuating means therefor disposed between lines containing substantially the longitudinal axis of said elements.

32. Clamping mechanism adapted for use in connection with a drill forming mechanism comprising jaws each movable relatively to the other in a horizontal plane actuating means therefor comprising actuating means individual to each jaw, and separate yieldable means associated with each jaw normally tending to resist the closing force exerted by said actuating means for said jaws.

33. in connection with a drill forming mechanism'comprising jaws relatively movable in a generally horizontal plane, actuating means therefor including a fluid actuated motor having a piston 'movable in a generally vertical direction.

34. Clamping mechanism adapted. for use in connection with a drill forming mechanism comprising aws relatively movable in a generally horizontal plane actuating means therefor lncluding a fluid actuated motor having a piston movable in a gener- Clamping mechanism adapted for use i ally vertical direction, and yieldable means associated therewith.

35. Clamping mechanism adapted for use in connection with a drillformin ,mecha- In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature. v

WADE 1-1. -WINEMAN. 

